In which belt of Russia did most people historically reside?

The most populated belt of Russia historically has been the arable steppe. This region is characterized by suitable conditions for agriculture, with fertile soil (often referred to as chernozem or "black soil") and a favorable climate for growing crops. The availability of resources and favorable agricultural conditions attracted larger populations, leading to the development of cities and settlements in this region.

The taiga consists primarily of coniferous forests, which provide limited agricultural opportunities, making it less conducive to large populations. The barren steppe is characterized by dry, less fertile land that isn’t suitable for farming, resulting in sparse human inhabitation. Although the Blackland name may refer to specific geographical features, it is not typically recognized as a historical population center in Russia compared to the arable steppe, which historically supported agriculture and therefore larger communities.