Which group is historically associated with the invasion of the British Isles?

The Vikings are historically associated with the invasion of the British Isles primarily during the late 8th to early 11th centuries. This group, originating from modern-day Scandinavia, conducted raids and established settlements across various parts of the British Isles. The Viking Age is characterized by their longships allowing them to navigate coastal and riverine routes, leading to significant incursions into English territories, as well as parts of Ireland and Scotland.

Their invasions were marked by both plundering and colonization, having a lasting impact on the cultural and genetic landscape of the regions they occupied. The Vikings founded cities such as Dublin and York, which played critical roles in trade and settlement patterns during the medieval period.

In contrast, while the Franks, Romans, and Celts had notable historical impacts in Europe, their associations with the British Isles occurred under different contexts. The Romans invaded the British Isles earlier, during their quest to expand their empire, but they were not invaders in the same manner as the Vikings, who came later and were primarily known for raids. The Celts were actually the earlier inhabitants of the British Isles before outside invasions, and their presence predates the notable Viking incursions. The Franks were more associated with continental Europe,