Which group was primarily subjugated by the Romans in Europe?

The Celts were primarily subjugated by the Romans in Europe due to their extensive settlements across present-day France, the British Isles, and parts of Central Europe. The Roman conquest of Celtic territories began in earnest during the late 1st century BCE and continued into the early centuries CE. Notably, Julius Caesar led campaigns against various Celtic tribes in what is now France (then known as Gaul), which were documented in his work "Commentarii de Bello Gallico."

The Romans viewed the Celts as both a cultural and military threat, given their warrior culture and resistance to Roman expansion. Rome's military superiority, combined with its strategy of building roads and establishing settlements, effectively undermined Celtic autonomy and facilitated Roman control over these regions.

The other groups listed either did not face significant subjugation by the Romans in the same way or were conquered later in history. The Norse were primarily active in the Viking Age, which came after the height of Roman power. The Visigoths and Huns were involved in conflicts with the later phases of the Roman Empire but had different interactions, often as groups that emerged from outside the core Roman territories in response to Roman expansion rather than being directly subjugated in the same manner as the Cel