Which three groups were primarily responsible for the exploration of Africa?

The exploration of Africa during the Age of Exploration and beyond was largely driven by the activities of explorers, missionaries, and commercial men. Explorers were fundamental in mapping unexplored territories, seeking new trade routes, and uncovering resources. They ventured into the continent to expand geographical knowledge and often acted as the vanguard for later activities in the region.

Missionaries played a critical role as well, as they aimed to spread Christianity throughout Africa. Their presence often accompanied the arrival of explorers and traders, acting as cultural intermediaries and helping Europeans to establish footholds in various regions while also recording their observations about indigenous cultures and societies.

Commercial men were predominantly involved in trade, seeking lucrative opportunities such as the slave trade, ivory, and other resources. Their motivations were often intertwined with the endeavors of explorers and missionaries, contributing to a complex dynamic of economic exploitation and cultural exchange.

The other groups mentioned in the answer options, such as tourists, scientists, diplomats, adventurers, traders, and farmers, either emerged later or did not play the foundational role in the initial exploration and understanding of the African continent during critical historical periods. Their contributions, while significant in other contexts, did not primarily drive the early exploration efforts as described in option B.